Tình trạng dinh dưỡng ở trẻ bị tim bẩm sinh trước và sau phẫu thuật chỉnh tim
Mục tiêu: So
sánh tình trạng dinh dưỡng (TTDD) ở trẻ bị tim bẩm sinh (TBS) trước và
sau mổ 1 tháng, tìm mối liên quan giữa SDD cấp với đặc điểm dịch tễ,
dinh dưỡng. Đối tượng, phương pháp: Tiền cứu, mô tả, phân
tích hàng loạt ca. Trẻ TBS 0-24 tháng tuổi nhập viện khoa Tim, BV Nhi
Đồng 1 để mổ từ tháng 5-9/2013 (30 trẻ). Chỉ số nhân trắc, cận lâm...
Tóm tắt tiếng Việt: Mục tiêu: So
sánh tình trạng dinh dưỡng (TTDD) ở trẻ bị tim bẩm sinh (TBS) trước và
sau mổ 1 tháng, tìm mối liên quan giữa SDD cấp với đặc điểm dịch tễ,
dinh dưỡng. Đối tượng, phương pháp: Tiền cứu, mô tả, phân
tích hàng loạt ca. Trẻ TBS 0-24 tháng tuổi nhập viện khoa Tim, BV Nhi
Đồng 1 để mổ từ tháng 5-9/2013 (30 trẻ). Chỉ số nhân trắc, cận lâm sàng
(CLS) về dinh dưỡng, miễn dịch được đánh giá trước và sau mổ 1 tháng. Xử
lý dữ liệu bằng STATA 8.0. Kết quả: Sau mổ, TTDD cải thiện
(p<0,05) nhưng tỉ lệ SDD còn cao: thể nhẹ cân 73,3%, thấp còi 46,7%,
gầy còm 60%. SDD cấp không liên quan với dịch tễ, dinh dưỡng. 33,3% trẻ
bị thiếu máu, 43,3% có vitamin D thấp (<70nmol/L), hầu hết giảm IgA
(<70mg/dl) và IgG (<700mg/dl). CLS không cải thiện sau mổ, ngoại
trừ IgA, IgG (p<0,05). Kết luận: TTDD cải thiện sau mổ nhưng tỉ lệ SDD còn cao. Trẻ TBS bị thiếu vi chất và hệ miễn dịch bị ảnh hưởng.
English summary: Objective: To
compare the nutritional status in CHD children before and after
surgery, to identify the association between acute malnutrition and
epidemiological and nutritional characteristics. Methods: prospective,
descriptive and case-series analysis. Subjects were consecutive
patients with CHD aged 0-24 months admitted to Cardiology ward, The
Children's Hospital 1 for cardiac surgery from May-Sept 2013.
Anthropometry, laboratory tests for nutrition and immune were performed
at admission and 1 month after surgery. STATA 8.0 was used for data
analyzing. Results: Nutritional status of 30 patients
was improved after surgery (p<0.05) but prevalence of malnutrition
was still high: underweight, stunting, and wasting was 73.3%, 46.7%,
60%, respectively. There was no association between wasting and
epidemiological and nutritional factors (p > 0.05). One-third of them
(33.3%) were anemic, 43.3% of them had low vitamin D (<70nmol/L).
The percentage of patients with decreased IgA and IgG were 90%
(<70mg/dl) and 70% (<700mg/dl), respectively. There were no
significant improvement of laboratory tests after surgery, except IgA, IgG levels (p<0.05). Conclusion: Nutritional status was improved after cardiac
surgery but prevalence of malnutrition still high. Children with CHD
had micronutrients deficiencies and altered immune response.
English summary: Objective: To
compare the nutritional status in CHD children before and after
surgery, to identify the association between acute malnutrition and
epidemiological and nutritional characteristics. Methods: prospective,
descriptive and case-series analysis. Subjects were consecutive
patients with CHD aged 0-24 months admitted to Cardiology ward, The
Children's Hospital 1 for cardiac surgery from May-Sept 2013.
Anthropometry, laboratory tests for nutrition and immune were performed
at admission and 1 month after surgery. STATA 8.0 was used for data
analyzing. Results: Nutritional status of 30 patients
was improved after surgery (p<0.05) but prevalence of malnutrition
was still high: underweight, stunting, and wasting was 73.3%, 46.7%,
60%, respectively. There was no association between wasting and
epidemiological and nutritional factors (p > 0.05). One-third of them
(33.3%) were anemic, 43.3% of them had low vitamin D (<70nmol/L).
The percentage of patients with decreased IgA and IgG were 90%
(<70mg/dl) and 70% (<700mg/dl), respectively. There were no
significant improvement of laboratory tests after surgery, except IgA, IgG levels (p<0.05). Conclusion: Nutritional status was improved after cardiac
surgery but prevalence of malnutrition still high. Children with CHD
had micronutrients deficiencies and altered immune response.
